CIRCULAR T 360 ISSN 1143-1393
2018 JANUARY 10, 09h UTC
BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES
THE INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION ESTABLISHED BY THE METRE CONVENTION
PAVILLON DE BRETEUIL F-92312 SEVRES CEDEX TEL. +33 1 45 07 70 70 tai@bipm.org

The contents of the sections of BIPM Circular T are fully described in the document " Explanatory supplement to BIPM Circular T "
available at https://webtai.bipm.org/ftp/pub/tai/other-products/notes/explanatory_supplement_v0.1.pdf

1 - Difference between UTC and its local realizations UTC(k) and corresponding uncertainties. From 2017 January 1, 0h UTC, TAI-UTC = 37 s.
Date 2017 0h UTC NOV 27 DEC 2 DEC 7 DEC 12 DEC 17 DEC 22 DEC 27 Uncertainty/ns Notes
MJD 58084 58089 58094 58099 58104 58109 58114 uA uB u
Laboratory k [UTC-UTC(k)]/ns
AOS (Borowiec) -9.0 -9.7 -10.0 -9.7 -9.3 -9.4 -8.6 0.5 3.2 3.2
APL (Laurel) -1.9 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.4 4.6 0.4 10.9 10.9
AUS (Sydney) 306.8 275.5 278.1 276.9 267.1 268.4 242.9 0.4 6.3 6.3
BEV (Wien) -9.5 -16.3 -17.3 -15.9 -17.8 -18.5 -24.1 0.4 3.0 3.0
BIM (Sofiya) 7542.0 - - 7640.3 7680.7 7735.5 7761.1 0.7 3.1 3.1
BIRM (Beijing) 14.2 16.9 11.1 6.5 7.0 9.5 9.6 0.7 3.0 3.0
BOM (Skopje) 71.1 86.8 91.0 86.5 90.8 98.0 98.0 0.4 3.1 3.1
BY (Minsk) 2.6 -3.1 -4.3 -2.6 -0.3 -2.7 -2.8 1.5 9.6 9.7
CAO (Cagliari) - -1319.9 -1406.1 -1490.2 -1095.3 -1203.0 -1301.0 8.0 20.0 21.6
CH (Bern-Wabern) 14.5 10.3 8.5 4.1 0.6 0.2 -0.1 0.4 2.1 2.1
CNES (Toulouse) 14.1 14.2 14.5 12.6 12.8 13.9 14.8 0.4 4.4 4.4
CNM (Queretaro) 3.5 8.9 2.7 -3.9 -9.7 -8.7 -8.9 2.5 11.2 11.5
CNMP (Panama) 5.4 16.3 13.7 -0.9 -7.9 6.9 23.5 0.5 7.3 7.3
DFNT (Tunis) 23338.5 23522.7 23711.0 23902.2 24091.2 24280.4 24461.7 0.7 20.0 20.0
DLR (Oberpfaffenhofen) - -718.0 - - - - - 0.7 3.1 3.1
DMDM (Belgrade) 76.6 139.8 192.0 245.1 294.9 337.1 395.9 0.4 3.0 3.0
DTAG (Frankfurt/M) -5.2 -5.2 0.3 4.6 7.2 5.1 7.6 0.4 3.0 3.0
EIM (Thessaloniki) 18.5 8.5 10.8 -1.8 -5.7 -0.8 -1.2 3.0 11.3 11.7
ESTC (Noordwijk) -4.7 -5.2 -3.8 -2.0 0.3 0.3 -0.3 0.4 3.0 3.0
HKO (Hong Kong) 1247.4 1256.1 1258.6 1270.8 1284.9 1295.6 1303.7 0.4 7.8 7.8
ICE (San Jose) - - - - - - -
IFAG (Wettzell) -920.9 -923.3 -924.9 -935.5 -932.6 -934.1 -931.4 1.0 6.1 6.2
IMBH (Sarajevo) 0.9 1.5 1.4 -0.3 2.9 0.2 -1.1 0.4 7.1 7.1
INCP (Lima) 59.2 50.8 52.2 55.0 68.4 61.3 57.9 5.0 20.0 20.7
INM (Bogota D.C.) -7.3 -9.4 -11.9 -15.0 -10.0 -12.8 -22.2 2.0 20.0 20.1
INPL (Jerusalem) -84.4 -88.0 -81.8 -75.9 -75.5 -66.6 -63.9 0.4 7.2 7.2
INTI (Buenos Aires) 53.5 59.6 62.8 75.3 103.9 94.8 98.1 2.5 20.0 20.2
INXE (Rio de Janeiro) -28.6 -29.5 -31.2 -16.3 0.4 -4.7 -9.5 0.4 20.0 20.0
IT (Torino) -1.5 0.8 2.1 3.6 3.9 3.4 3.0 0.4 1.6 1.7
JATC (Lintong) -1.1 -1.1 -2.1 0.4 2.0 0.9 2.0 0.4 10.3 10.3
JV (Kjeller) 21.3 - 17.9 14.1 10.4 2.7 -2.3 0.4 20.0 20.0
KEBS (Nairobi) - - - - - - -
KIM (Serpong-Tangerang) 265.4 271.1 281.1 290.7 304.6 310.2 300.6 2.0 20.0 20.1
KRIS (Daejeon) 28.5 37.3 23.3 9.9 0.3 -4.9 -9.8 0.4 2.9 2.9
KZ (Astana) -160.7 -158.8 -144.9 -122.4 -116.2 -106.5 - 1.5 9.6 9.7
LT (Vilnius) 188.3 195.2 221.4 239.4 256.4 253.6 241.2 2.0 11.3 11.4
MASM (Bayanzurkh) -291.6 -305.5 -322.3 -342.8 -366.7 -387.1 -407.1 0.5 20.0 20.0
MBM (Podgorica) 57514.2 57831.5 58145.5 58468.3 58788.6 59120.1 59457.5 1.5 20.0 20.1
MIKE (Espoo) -2.7 -2.4 -2.2 -2.2 -1.8 -1.9 -2.0 0.7 4.4 4.4
MKEH (Budapest) -68658.4 -68856.8 -69053.9 -69246.5 -69199.5 5397.7 5150.4 1.5 20.0 20.1 (1)
MSL (Lower Hutt) 315.9 320.1 334.2 310.4 305.3 278.0 263.1 1.5 20.0 20.1
MTC (Makkah) 1288.4 1297.1 1315.2 1321.0 1335.0 1338.9 1344.5 1.7 8.2 8.4
NAO (Mizusawa) 77.4 83.6 82.7 90.9 80.4 68.2 76.6 2.0 20.0 20.1
NICT (Tokyo) 22.1 23.1 23.6 24.0 24.5 22.4 21.5 0.4 2.3 2.3
NIM (Beijing) -2.9 -1.4 -1.6 -1.2 -0.6 -1.6 -1.9 0.4 2.2 2.2
NIMB (Bucharest) 541.2 584.9 630.2 679.4 728.8 779.3 830.8 0.4 7.3 7.3
NIMT (Pathumthani) 234.9 246.1 268.2 278.6 297.2 286.7 266.5 1.5 3.2 3.6
NIS (Cairo) 8.7 13.9 14.8 13.8 12.7 18.5 14.5 1.6 20.0 20.1
NIST (Boulder) -0.3 0.4 0.7 1.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.7 0.4 2.0 2.1
NMIJ (Tsukuba) -1.7 -0.9 -1.0 -0.8 -1.6 -1.7 -1.1 0.4 3.1 3.1
NMLS (Sepang) 150.8 103.7 57.7 10.9 -36.0 -84.2 -134.8 1.5 3.2 3.6
NPL (Teddington) -2.7 -2.6 -2.7 -2.4 -2.3 -3.1 -3.7 0.4 2.9 2.9
NPLI (New-Delhi) 1.5 5.7 6.7 10.8 15.4 11.1 7.1 0.4 19.8 19.8
NRC (Ottawa) 44.7 37.7 47.8 52.7 49.6 52.6 48.2 0.4 3.0 3.0
NRL (Washington DC) - - - - - - -
NTSC (Lintong) -1.5 -1.4 -1.3 0.5 1.5 1.0 1.9 0.4 2.3 2.3
ONBA (Buenos Aires) -2216.4 -2207.8 -2214.5 -2205.4 -2205.8 -2196.2 -2196.3 2.0 11.3 11.4
ONRJ (Rio de Janeiro) 2.9 4.3 6.8 2.3 -0.3 3.5 -5.4 1.0 7.8 7.8
OP (Paris) -2.9 -2.9 -2.9 -1.7 -0.8 -1.5 -1.7 0.4 1.6 1.7
ORB (Bruxelles) -0.4 -1.6 -1.7 -1.6 -1.9 -1.6 -1.5 0.4 3.0 3.0
PL (Warszawa) -5.2 -7.7 -0.8 4.8 -5.6 -18.2 -36.5 0.4 3.8 3.9
PTB (Braunschweig) 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 1.2 1.3
ROA (San Fernando) 0.4 -1.5 -4.0 -4.2 -3.3 -2.6 -2.9 0.4 1.6 1.7
SASO (Riyadh) -667.2 -677.6 -683.4 -691.8 -690.0 -701.7 -684.4 0.4 7.7 7.7
SCL (Hong Kong) 17.5 3.4 -8.6 -16.2 -22.1 -20.6 -31.2 5.0 14.1 15.0
SG (Singapore) 19.7 19.0 15.1 10.3 9.5 3.2 -1.2 0.7 6.4 6.4
SIQ (Ljubljana) 286.6 300.1 301.6 292.8 332.3 314.9 297.8 0.4 7.4 7.4
SMD (Bruxelles) 19.3 15.5 8.4 3.7 1.2 3.2 4.2 0.4 3.0 3.0
SMU (Bratislava) -1549.7 -1553.4 -1552.6 -1553.0 -1550.6 -1567.1 -1575.9 1.5 12.3 12.4
SP (Boras) -4.5 -3.8 -2.9 -2.2 -1.8 -1.0 0.2 0.4 1.6 1.6
SU (Moskva) -3.7 -3.2 -2.1 -1.7 -1.3 -0.7 -1.1 1.3 6.8 7.0
TL (Chung-Li) -4.2 -4.4 -4.6 -4.9 -5.7 -6.6 -7.0 0.4 2.3 2.4
TP (Praha) 17.9 17.4 23.8 16.6 18.6 13.3 9.7 0.4 6.6 6.6
UA (Kharkov) 0.9 2.5 -3.0 -3.8 -3.8 3.3 5.5 1.5 8.9 9.0
UAE (Abu Dhabi) 44.2 48.4 50.1 54.9 54.6 56.5 51.8 4.0 8.3 9.2
UME (Gebze-Kocaeli) -18.7 -20.7 -19.8 -30.6 -24.7 -34.0 -41.7 0.7 3.1 3.1
USNO (Washington DC) 2.0 2.6 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.8 0.3 1.4 1.5
VMI (Ha Noi) 195.3 196.5 183.1 182.7 164.0 141.7 117.4 3.0 3.2 4.4
VSL (Delft) -2.0 7.7 5.1 8.3 4.6 13.9 11.4 0.4 1.7 1.8
ZA (Pretoria) 8.7 10.4 4.1 6.5 5.0 0.6 -1.4 0.4 4.3 4.3 (2)
- Notes on section 1:
(1) MKEH : Time step of UTC(MKEH) of -75000 ns on MJD 58106.43.
(2) ZA : Apparent time step of UTC(ZA) of +9.3 ns on MJD 58090.

2 - Difference between the normalized frequencies of EAL and TAI.
Interval of validity f(EAL)-f(TAI)
Steering correction 58084 - 58114 6.501x10-13 (2017 NOV 27 - 2017 DEC 27)
New correction 58114 - 58149 6.501x10-13 (2017 DEC 27 - 2018 JAN 31)
New correction foreseen 58149 - 58174 6.501x10-13 (2018 JAN 31 - 2018 FEB 25)

3 - Duration of the TAI scale interval d.

Table 1: Estimate of d by individual PSFS measurements and corresponding uncertainties.
All values are expressed in 10-15 and are valid only for the stated period of estimation.
Standard Period of d uA uB ul/lab ul/Tai u uSrep Ref(uS) Ref(uB) uB(Ref) Steer Note
Estimation
PTB-CS1 58084 58114 -15.27 6.00 8.00 0.00 0.13 10.00 PFS/NA T148 8. Y (1)
PTB-CS2 58084 58114 -5.24 3.00 12.00 0.00 0.13 12.37 PFS/NA T148 12. Y (1)
NIM5 58094 58114 0.28 0.30 0.90 0.20 0.38 1.04 PFS/NA T340 1.40 Y (2)
PTB-CSF1 58084 58114 -0.16 0.06 0.39 0.05 0.13 0.42 PFS/NA T162 1.40 Y (3)
PTB-CSF2 58084 58114 -0.20 0.09 0.20 0.04 0.13 0.26 PFS/NA T287 0.41 Y (3)

Notes:
(1) Continuously operating as a clock participating to TAI
(2) Report 02 JAN. 2018 by NIM
(3) Report 04 JAN. 2018 by PTB

Table 2: Estimate of d by the BIPM based on all PSFS measurements identified to be used for TAI steering
over the period MJD57724-58114, and corresponding uncertainties.

Period of estimation d u
58084-58114 -0.17x10-15 0.20x10-15 (2017 NOV 27 - 2017 DEC 27)

4 - Relations of UTC and TAI with predictions of UTC(k) disseminated by GNSS.

[UTC-UTC(USNO)_GPS] = C0', [TAI-UTC(USNO)_GPS] = 37 s + C0'
[UTC-UTC(SU)_GLONASS]= C1', [TAI-UTC(SU)_GLONASS]= 37 s + C1'

For this edition of Circular T, σ0'= 1.0 ns, σ1'= 6.5 ns

2017 0h UTC MJD C0'/ns N0 C1'/ns N1'
NOV 27 58084 -0.6 90 5.3 89
NOV 28 58085 -1.3 89 7.6 88
NOV 29 58086 -2.2 89 9.3 83
NOV 30 58087 -1.3 89 11.7 88
DEC 1 58088 -0.9 90 12.0 90
DEC 2 58089 -1.8 62 7.7 88
DEC 3 58090 -1.3 85 1.7 86
DEC 4 58091 0.4 89 -4.3 85
DEC 5 58092 -0.3 89 -9.8 90
DEC 6 58093 -0.8 89 -11.2 83
DEC 7 58094 -1.6 89 -9.9 86
DEC 8 58095 -1.5 89 -3.6 89
DEC 9 58096 0.4 90 8.3 90
DEC 10 58097 -1.1 89 18.3 87
DEC 11 58098 -3.1 89 21.7 88
DEC 12 58099 -2.5 89 22.7 83
DEC 13 58100 -0.5 90 22.2 86
DEC 14 58101 -1.4 89 19.8 87
DEC 15 58102 -1.7 89 17.3 84
DEC 16 58103 -2.5 89 14.4 81
DEC 17 58104 -1.5 90 11.9 90
DEC 18 58105 -1.3 89 8.4 85
DEC 19 58106 -2.2 86 7.3 87
DEC 20 58107 -1.7 76 8.6 88
DEC 21 58108 -0.3 90 8.9 90
DEC 22 58109 -1.1 89 9.7 87
DEC 23 58110 -0.2 89 11.6 86
DEC 24 58111 -0.1 88 12.4 87
DEC 25 58112 -1.9 90 10.6 90
DEC 26 58113 -0.5 89 9.4 89
DEC 27 58114 -0.9 89 8.9 84

5 - Time links used for the computation of TAI, calibrations information and corresponding uncertainties.

Link Type Equipment Cal_ID1 / Cal_ID2 uStb/ns uCal/ns uAg/ns Al/ns YYMM
APL /PTB GPSPPP AP02 /PT02 NA_Al / 1001-2016 0.3 11.2 10.0 24.3 1511
AUS /PTB GPSPPP AU01 /PT02 1002-2010 / 1001-2016 0.3 6.2 3.6
BEV /PTB GPSPPP BE1_ /PT02 1012-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.7 1.1
BIM /PTB GPS P3 BM37 /PT02 1011-2016 / 1001-2016 0.7 2.8 1.3
BIRM/PTB GPS P3 BI01 /PT02 1015-2016 / 1001-2016 0.7 2.7 0.9
BOM /PTB GPSPPP MABM /PT02 1011-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.8 1.2
BY /PTB GPS MC BY46 /PT10 NA / 1001-2016 1.5 9.5 6.5
CAO /PTB GPS MC CA__ /PT10 NC / 1001-2016 8.0 20.0
CNES/PTB GPSPPP CS22 /PT02 1101-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 4.2 1.2
CNM /PTB GPS MC CN00 /PT10 NA_Al / 1001-2016 2.5 11.2 10.0 -27.3 0804
CNMP/PTB GPSPPP MP1_ /PT02 NA_Al / 1001-2016 0.5 7.2 1.6 41.7 1607
DFNT/PTB GPS P3 DN__ /PT02 NC_Al / 1001-2016 0.7 20.0 10.3 1507
DLR /PTB GPS P3 DL05 /PT02 1012-2016 / 1001-2016 0.7 2.8 1.3
DMDM/PTB GPSPPP ZM68 /PT02 1011-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.7 1.1
DTAG/PTB GPSPPP DT04 /PT02 1015-2017 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.7 0.9
EIM /PTB GPS MC EI__ /PT10 1011-2007 / 1001-2016 3.0 11.2 10.0
ESTC/PTB GPSPPP ES04 /PT02 1019-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.7 0.9
HKO /PTB GPSPPP HKO1 /PT02 NA_Al / 1001-2016 0.3 7.7 2.9 +15.9 1304
ICE /PTB NL
IFAG/PTB GPS P3 IF19 /PT02 NA_Al / 1001-2016 1.0 6.0 3.3
IMBH/PTB GPSPPP BH01 /PT02 2004-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 7.0 0.8
INCP/PTB GPS MC CP__ /PT10 NC / 1001-2016 5.0 20.0
INM /PTB GPS MC IC__ /PT10 NC / 1001-2016 2.0 20.0
INPL/PTB GPSPPP IL05 /PT02 2002-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 7.1 1.0
INTI/PTB GPS MC IN__ /PT10 NC / 1001-2016 2.5 20.0
INXE/PTB GPSPPP NXRA /PT02 NC / 1001-2016 0.3 20.0
JV /PTB GPSPPP JV01 /PT02 NC_Al / 1001-2016 0.3 20.0 130.0 1509
KEBS/PTB NL
KIM /PTB GPS MC KI02 /PT10 NC_Al / 1001-2016 2.0 20.0 -30.6 0901
KRIS/PTB GPSPPP KRG1 /PT02 1017-2017 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.7 0.9
KZ /PTB GPS MC KZ01 /PT10 2002-2008 / 1001-2016 1.5 9.5 6.5
LT /PTB GPS MC LT01 /PT10 1007-2006 / 1001-2016 2.0 11.2 10.0
MASM/PTB GPSPPP MN__ /PT02 NC / 1001-2016 0.4 20.0
MBM /PTB GPS MC MEBM /PT10 NC / 1001-2016 1.5 20.0
MIKE/PTB GPS P3 MI04 /PT02 1102-2015 / 1001-2016 0.7 4.3 1.5
MKEH/PTB GPS MC MK01 /PT10 NC / 1001-2016 1.5 20.0
MSL /PTB GPS P3 MS0_ /PT02 NC / 1001-2016 1.5 20.0
MTC /PTB GPS MC MC02 /PT02 2001-2013 / 1001-2016 1.7 8.1 4.1
NAO /PTB GPS MC NAT2 /PT10 NC / 1001-2016 2.0 20.0
NICT/PTB GPSPPP NC01 /PT02 1001-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.1 1.3
NIM /PTB GPSPPP IM06 /PT02 1001-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 1.9 1.1
NIMB/PTB GPSPPP MB02 /PT02 NA_Al / 1001-2016 0.3 7.2 1.8 32.2 1611
NIMT/PTB GPS MC MTTO /PT10 1013-2017 / 1001-2016 1.5 3.0 1.7
NIS /PTB GPS P3 IS__ /PT02 NC_Al / 1001-2016 1.6 20.0 +16.4 1303
NMIJ/PTB GPSPPP NM0D /PT02 NA_Al / 1001-2016 0.3 2.9 2.3
NMLS/PTB GPS MC LSM1 /PT10 1013-2017 / 1001-2016 1.5 3.0 1.7
NPL /PTB GPSPPP NPL2 /PT02 1014-2017 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.7 0.9
NPLI/PTB GPSPPP LI2P /PT02 NC / 1001-2016 0.3 20.0
NRC /PTB GPSPPP NRC4 /PT02 1017-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.7 1.0
NRL /PTB NL
NTSC/PTB GPSPPP NTP3 /PT02 1001-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.0 1.0
ONBA/PTB GPS MC ON__ /PT10 1002-2004 / 1001-2016 2.0 11.2 10.0
ONRJ/PTB GPS P3 RJ01 /PT02 NA_Al / 1001-2016 1.0 7.7 3.2 +5.6 1302
ORB /PTB GPSPPP OR1Z /PT02 1018-2017 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.7 0.9
PL /PTB GPSPPP PL_3 /PT02 1101-2013 / 1001-2016 0.3 3.7 2.7
SASO/PTB GPSPPP SA00 /PT02 NA_Al / 1001-2016 0.3 7.6 2.9 32.8 1505
SCL /PTB GPS MC SC__ /PT10 1001-1993 / 1001-2016 5.0 14.1 10.0
SG /PTB GPS P3 SG2P /PT02 1001-2010 / 1001-2016 0.7 6.3 3.8
SIQ /PTB GPSPPP SI01 /PT02 2002-2014 / 1001-2016 0.3 7.3 2.1
SMD /PTB GPSPPP SD21 /PT02 1014-2017 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.7 0.9
SMU /PTB GPS MC SM00 /PT10 NA_Al / 1001-2016 1.5 12.2 10.0 57.8 0908
SU /PTB GPS MC SU19 /PT10 NA_Al / 1001-2016 1.5 7.9 6.1 -7.8 1411
TL /PTB GPSPPP TLT1 /PT02 1001-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 2.0 1.3
TP /PTB GPSPPP TP04 /PT02 1002-2009 / 1001-2016 0.3 6.5 4.1
UA /PTB GPS MC UA04 /PT10 2003-2011 / 1001-2016 1.5 8.8 5.3
UAE /PTB GPS MC AE__ /PT10 2001-2016 / 1001-2016 4.0 8.2 4.3
UME /PTB GPS P3 UM01 /PT02 1011-2016 / 1001-2016 0.7 2.8 1.3
VMI /PTB GPS MC VM__ /PT10 1013-2017 / 1001-2016 3.0 3.0 1.7
ZA /PTB GPSPPP ZA02 /PT02 1102-2016 / 1001-2016 0.3 4.1 1.0
Link Type Equipment Cal_ID uStb/ns uCal/ns uAg/ns Al/ns YYMM
AOS /PTB TWSTFT AOS01 /PTB05 0449-2017 0.5 2.9 1.2
CH /PTB TWGPPP CH01 /PTB05 0284-2012 0.3 1.7 1.3
IT /PTB TWGPPP IT02 /PTB05 0434-2016 0.3 1.1 0.4
JATC/NTSC INT LK INTDLY 0.2 10.0 10.0
NIST/PTB TWGPPP NIST01/PTB05 0393-2015 0.3 1.7 0.7
OP /PTB TWGPPP OP01 /PTB05 0437-2016 0.3 1.1 0.4
ROA /PTB TWGPPP ROA01 /PTB05 0440-2016 0.3 1.1 0.4
SP /PTB TWGPPP SP01 /PTB05 0441-2016 0.3 1.1 0.4
USNO/PTB TWGPPP USNO01/PTB05 0395-2016 0.3 1.1 0.2
VSL /PTB TWGPPP VSL01 /PTB05 0295-2015 0.3 1.2 0.5