CIRCULAR T 219 ISSN 1143-1393 2006 APRIL 11, 16h UTC BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES ORGANISATION INTERGOUVERNEMENTALE DE LA CONVENTION DU METRE PAVILLON DE BRETEUIL F-92312 SEVRES CEDEX TEL. +33 1 45 07 70 70 FAX. +33 1 45 34 20 21 tai@bipm.org 1 - Coordinated Universal Time UTC and its local realizations UTC(k). Computed values of [UTC-UTC(k)] and uncertainties valid for the period of this Circular. From 2006 January 1, 0h UTC, TAI-UTC = 33 s. Date 2006 0h UTC FEB 28 MAR 5 MAR 10 MAR 15 MAR 20 MAR 25 MAR 30 Uncertainty/ns Notes MJD 53794 53799 53804 53809 53814 53819 53824 uA uB u Laboratory k [UTC-UTC(k)]/ns AOS (Borowiec) -0.8 3.7 -5.7 -9.1 -8.4 -1.2 7.5 1.6 5.2 5.5 APL (Laurel) -5.1 -11.7 -2.8 -1.2 9.5 11.0 7.9 1.6 5.3 5.5 AUS (Sydney) -802.9 -806.4 -826.2 -809.0 -805.7 -791.7 -776.3 3.2 6.4 7.1 BEV (Wien) 17.4 8.7 15.7 15.0 16.2 14.4 22.6 1.6 5.2 5.5 BIRM (Beijing) - - - -1504.5 -1522.8 -1550.2 -1568.9 2.8 20.4 20.6 CAO (Cagliari) -1755.2 -1748.0 -1757.7 -1738.2 -1717.6 -1694.3 -1667.8 1.6 7.1 7.3 CH (Bern) -6.5 -5.6 -8.0 -10.4 -10.9 -9.1 -12.6 0.8 5.2 5.3 CNM (Queretaro) 17.2 14.0 22.5 27.4 25.1 22.7 21.4 5.0 20.3 20.9 CNMP (Panama) -4494.8 -4516.5 -4543.0 -4584.7 -4617.6 -4642.2 -4670.1 4.0 7.2 8.2 CSIR (Pretoria) - - - 1662.7 1599.4 1517.5 1446.8 3.0 20.1 20.3 DLR (Oberpfaffenhofen) 14.3 - - - - - - 0.8 5.2 5.3 DTAG (Darmstadt) -18.7 -14.0 -18.1 -12.9 -6.1 -10.2 0.0 3.0 10.1 10.5 HKO (Hong Kong) 67.8 66.1 71.8 - - - - 3.2 6.4 7.1 IFAG (Wettzell) -118.8 -112.8 -114.7 -113.4 -117.8 -113.2 -114.0 0.8 5.2 5.2 IGMA (Buenos Aires) - - - - - - - - - - INPL (Jerusalem) 45.8 55.1 61.2 67.0 75.5 83.0 81.9 4.0 10.1 10.9 IT (Torino) 18.2 18.0 20.2 23.6 20.5 32.0 30.0 0.7 2.2 2.3 JATC (Lintong) -22.1 -15.8 -23.8 -27.9 -31.0 -33.4 -33.6 2.7 20.9 21.1 JV (Kjeller) -4926.6 -4893.3 -4781.4 -4739.0 -4677.4 -4640.5 -4582.8 5.0 20.0 20.6 KRIS (Daejeon) -4.5 -6.5 -12.4 -11.4 -7.9 -14.3 -10.9 1.4 6.3 6.5 LDS (Leeds) 4522.6 4548.1 4575.6 4607.2 4650.8 4680.0 4713.0 3.0 20.0 20.3 LT (Vilnius) 24.7 37.3 24.7 23.1 49.7 69.8 53.5 1.6 5.2 5.5 MIKE (Espoo) -144.5 -142.2 -153.9 -152.1 -155.9 -152.5 -116.3 5.0 20.1 20.7 MSL (Lower Hutt) 60.0 37.4 23.4 37.2 26.0 22.4 21.9 2.3 20.4 20.5 NAO (Mizusawa) 248.5 245.4 242.3 243.9 237.2 239.4 234.7 3.1 19.9 20.1 NICT (Tokyo) 1.3 -1.3 -3.6 -0.1 -2.2 -3.1 1.4 1.2 4.0 4.1 NIM (Beijing) -50.2 -53.2 -58.5 -58.8 -54.3 -61.6 -56.9 5.1 20.1 20.8 NIMB (Bucharest) -753.6 -769.6 -775.1 -784.6 -769.7 -768.2 -786.4 2.5 20.0 20.2 NIMT (Bangkok) -1201.3 -1197.8 -1205.0 -1204.9 -1194.7 -1198.4 -1195.7 1.5 20.4 20.4 NIS (Cairo) -12.8 - - - - - - 3.0 20.1 20.3 Date 2006 0h UTC FEB 28 MAR 5 MAR 10 MAR 15 MAR 20 MAR 25 MAR 30 Uncertainty/ns Notes MJD 53794 53799 53804 53809 53814 53819 53824 uA uB u Laboratory k [UTC-UTC(k)]/ns NIST (Boulder) 1.6 3.2 4.1 3.8 5.8 5.7 5.4 0.7 4.9 4.9 NMC (Sofiya) -4227.1 -4258.2 -4266.2 -4285.3 -4299.6 -4307.9 -4367.4 5.0 20.1 20.7 NMIJ (Tsukuba) -2.7 -2.1 -3.1 -0.8 0.8 -0.4 -1.0 1.4 6.4 6.5 NMLS (Shah Alam) -313.7 -313.5 -317.6 -317.7 -312.9 -316.2 -319.2 3.2 20.3 20.6 NPL (Teddington) 28.1 33.0 33.7 34.7 39.4 41.3 41.8 0.7 2.2 2.3 NPLI (New-Delhi) 11.5 9.3 0.6 11.4 9.8 37.5 48.3 2.5 7.2 7.6 NRC (Ottawa) 48.7 41.5 39.8 40.5 43.1 44.2 43.2 3.0 15.1 15.4 NTSC (Lintong) 8.2 5.4 0.7 -5.4 -10.8 -16.5 -16.3 2.7 6.2 6.8 OMH (Budapest) 10892.3 10911.6 10903.6 10909.5 10919.8 10922.5 10912.9 2.5 20.0 20.2 ONBA (Buenos Aires) - -7375.2 -7833.1 -8290.8 -8665.6 -8986.4 -9239.0 5.0 7.2 8.8 ONRJ (Rio de Janeiro) 6217.9 6274.7 6328.3 6383.2 6448.4 6501.2 6556.7 5.0 20.4 21.0 OP (Paris) -21.8 -19.7 -17.0 -17.7 -16.0 -18.4 -18.1 0.7 2.1 2.2 ORB (Bruxelles) -14.6 -11.7 -8.8 -7.1 -4.6 -4.4 -3.8 0.8 5.2 5.3 PL (Warszawa) 6.4 13.1 9.6 10.8 14.8 15.6 5.1 1.5 5.0 5.2 PTB (Braunschweig) -15.6 -11.2 -10.8 -4.1 1.3 0.7 6.1 0.5 1.6 1.7 ROA (San Fernando) 35.9 39.9 38.9 38.7 43.5 39.8 35.1 0.8 5.2 5.3 SCL (Hong Kong) -21.5 -18.8 -4.4 -0.5 6.6 6.7 10.1 4.1 10.6 11.4 SG (Singapore) 64.0 67.1 66.2 70.1 72.7 70.3 68.5 3.2 20.1 20.4 SMU (Bratislava) -141.2 -149.5 -145.6 -158.4 -166.5 -173.2 -164.8 5.0 20.1 20.7 SP (Boras) -11.3 -14.6 -30.0 -37.8 -38.1 -40.5 -44.7 0.8 9.9 9.9 SU (Moskva) 13.2 13.6 11.3 10.3 11.8 2.7 2.9 3.0 5.2 5.9 TCC (Concepcion) -2409.4 -2420.0 -2440.3 -2491.6 -2511.6 -2553.4 -2551.0 2.1 19.9 20.1 TL (Chung-Li) 13.0 10.9 9.7 8.3 8.2 6.7 5.1 1.4 6.2 6.3 TP (Praha) 81.0 79.0 76.9 76.5 90.3 93.4 95.4 2.5 5.2 5.8 UME (Gebze-Kocaeli) 1103.9 1103.9 1107.3 1121.6 1134.6 1147.4 1151.8 15.0 20.1 25.1 USNO (Washington DC) 0.9 0.0 -1.6 -2.2 -2.8 -3.8 -5.1 0.5 1.7 1.7 VSL (Delft) 76.3 87.3 88.2 55.9 29.4 23.2 31.5 0.7 3.4 3.5 ZMDM (Belgrade) 2541.7 2570.7 2589.1 2616.5 2652.2 2693.4 2722.3 2.5 7.2 7.6 2 - International Atomic Time TAI and Local atomic time scales TA(k). Computed values of [TAI-TA(k)]. Date 2006 0h UTC FEB 28 MAR 5 MAR 10 MAR 15 MAR 20 MAR 25 MAR 30 MJD 53794 53799 53804 53809 53814 53819 53824 Laboratory k [TAI-TA(k)]/ns CH (Bern) 52356.0 52393.1 52427.0 52460.8 52496.4 52533.4 52565.2 F (Paris) 168439.0 168439.6 168436.3 168432.9 168431.6 168428.0 168426.2 IT (Torino) 51020.7 51163.5 51304.5 51449.9 51589.4 51740.0 51880.6 JATC (Lintong) -39069.9 -39099.8 -39141.4 -39180.3 -39221.6 -39263.4 -39303.1 KRIS (Daejeon) 10960.7 11015.0 11066.6 11125.4 11187.1 11240.2 11302.7 NICT (Tokyo) 214967.0 -18.2 -18.0 -17.7 -14.6 -13.8 -12.1 (1) NIST (Boulder) -45289589.9 -45289783.0 -45289976.9 -45290171.9 -45290364.7 -45290559.5 -45290754.6 NRC (Ottawa) 29503.4 29513.2 29528.4 29545.9 29565.6 29588.7 29599.2 NTSC (Lintong) 2429.7 2451.6 2475.5 2501.1 2524.4 2546.8 2571.2 PL (Warszawa) -3531.3 -3529.4 -3538.0 -3542.3 -3546.1 -3546.5 -3552.6 PTB (Braunschweig) -358377.7 -358368.3 -358362.9 -358351.7 -358341.2 -358336.7 -358326.4 SU (Moskva) 27241965.5 27241978.4 27241988.6 27242000.2 27242014.2 27242017.6 27242030.4 (2) TL (Chung-Li) 273.7 277.9 283.5 291.8 295.3 298.1 306.3 USNO (Washington DC) -34971808.0 -34972115.6 -34972421.2 -34972726.8 -34973031.2 -34973336.0 -34973641.0 - Notes on section 2: (1) NICT: Time step of TA(NICT) of + 214982.6 ns on MJD 53795. (2) SU : Listed values are TAI-TA(SU) - 2.80 seconds. 3 - Difference between the normalized frequencies of EAL (free atomic time scale) and TAI. Interval of validity f(EAL)-f(TAI) Steering correction 53794 - 53824 6.838x10**-13 (2006 FEB 28 - 2006 MAR 30) New correction 53824 - 53854 6.832x10**-13 (2006 MAR 30 - 2006 APR 29) New correction foreseen 53854 - 53884 6.826x10**-13 (2006 APR 29 - 2006 MAY 29) 4 - Duration of the TAI scale interval. TAI is a realization of coordinate time TT. The following tables give the fractional deviation d of the scale interval of TAI from that of TT (the SI second on the geoid), i.e. the fractional frequency deviation of TAI with the opposite sign: d = -yTAI. In this section, a frequency over a time interval is defined as the ratio of the end-point phase difference to the duration of the interval. Whenever needed, the instability of EAL should be expressed as the quadratic sum of three components with t in days: (1) a white frequency noise of 3.0x10**-15 / sqrt(t), (2) a flicker frequency noise of 0.5x10**-15 and (3) a random walk frequency noise of 1.0x10**-16 x sqrt(t). The relation between EAL and TAI is given in Circular T and the Annual Report of the BIPM Time Section. In the first table, d is obtained, on the given periods of estimation by comparison of the TAI frequency with that of the given individual Primary Frequency Standards (PFS). In this table: uA is the uncertainty originating in the instability of the PFS, uB is the combined uncertainty from systematic effects, Ref(uB) is a reference giving information on the stated value of uB or is the Circular T where this reference was first given, ul/lab is the uncertainty in the link between the PFS and the clock participating to TAI, including the uncertainty due to the dead-time, ul/TAI is the uncertainty in the link to TAI, u is the quadratic sum of all four uncertainty values. All values are expressed in 10**-15. Standard Period of d uA uB Ref(uB) ul/Lab ul/Tai u Note Estimation NIST-F1 53784 53824 2.6 0.3 0.3 T214 0.3 0.8 0.9 (1) SYRTE-JPO 53794 53824 6.4 1.1 6.3 T160 0.3 1.0 6.5 (2) PTB-CS1 53794 53824 -1.4 5.0 8.0 T148 0.0 1.0 9.5 (3) PTB-CS2 53794 53824 -2.6 3.0 12.0 T148 0.0 1.0 12.4 (3) Notes: (1) Report 2 April by NIST. (2) Report 5 April by LNE-SYRTE. (3) Continuously operating as a clock contributing to TAI. The second table gives the BIPM estimate of d, based on all available PFS measurements over the period MJD 53434-53824, taking into account their individual uncertainties and characterizing the instability of EAL as noted above. u is the computed standard uncertainty of d Period of estimation d u 53794-53824 2.4x10**-15 0.9x10**-15 (2006 FEB 28 - 2006 MAR 30) 5 - Relations of UTC and TAI with GPS time and GLONASS time. [UTC-GPS time] = -14 s + C0, [TAI-GPS time] = 19 s + C0, global uncertainty is of order 10 ns. [UTC-GLONASS time] = 0 s + C1, [TAI-GLONASS time] = 33 s + C1, global uncertainty is of order hundreds ns. The C0 values are obtained using the values [UTC-UTC(OP)] and the GPS data taken at the Paris Observatory, corrected for IGS precise orbits, clocks and ionosphere maps. The C1 values are obtained using the values [UTC-UTC(AOS)] and the GLONASS data taken at the Astrogeodynamical Observatory Borowiec (AOS). N0 and N1 are the numbers of measurements, when N0 or N1 is 0, the corresponding values of C0 or C1 are interpolated. The standard deviations S0 and S1 characterize the dispersion of individual measurements. The actual uncertainty of user's access to GPS and GLONASS times may differ from these values. For this circular, S0 = 2.1 ns, S1 = 11.5 ns Date 2006 0h UTC MJD C0/ns N0 C1/ns N1 FEB 28 53794 -5.8 38 - 0 MAR 1 53795 -5.9 39 - 0 MAR 2 53796 -7.6 39 -86.9 11 MAR 3 53797 -7.7 39 -81.9 87 MAR 4 53798 -6.7 39 -77.6 69 MAR 5 53799 -4.8 39 -77.8 82 MAR 6 53800 -5.6 38 -85.5 77 MAR 7 53801 -7.9 37 -80.4 86 MAR 8 53802 -8.0 38 -63.7 78 MAR 9 53803 -11.5 38 -57.5 76 MAR 10 53804 -12.3 39 -67.9 87 MAR 11 53805 -10.8 38 -78.2 73 MAR 12 53806 -9.4 38 -77.7 78 MAR 13 53807 -8.1 37 -75.3 75 MAR 14 53808 -9.2 39 -74.2 78 MAR 15 53809 -10.3 38 -69.9 88 MAR 16 53810 -8.4 38 -65.6 81 MAR 17 53811 -7.4 36 -69.9 80 MAR 18 53812 -8.0 9 -78.5 78 MAR 19 53813 -7.1 27 -73.3 88 MAR 20 53814 -5.9 36 -67.4 77 MAR 21 53815 -6.7 37 -72.3 72 MAR 22 53816 -10.7 37 -69.4 83 MAR 23 53817 -13.6 36 -64.5 82 MAR 24 53818 -14.1 37 -63.8 84 MAR 25 53819 -13.7 37 -63.5 86 MAR 26 53820 -12.8 37 -68.9 68 MAR 27 53821 -14.8 37 -74.3 80 MAR 28 53822 -14.6 37 -65.6 68 MAR 29 53823 -12.4 37 -58.3 78 MAR 30 53824 -11.4 37 -63.9 79 6 - Time links used for the computation of TAI and their uncertainties. The time links used in the elaboration of this Circular T are listed in this section. The technique for the link is indicated as follows: GPS SC for GPS common-view single-channel C/A data; GPS MC for GPS common-view multi-channel C/A data; GPS P3 for GPS common-view multi-channel dual-frequency P code data; GPS GT for 'GPS time' observations; INT LK for internal cable link and TWSTFT for two-way satellite time and frequency transfer data. For each link, the following uncertainties are provided: uA is the statistical uncertainty evaluated by taking into account the level of phase noise in the raw data, the interpolation interval between data points and the effects with typical duration between 5 and 30 days. uB is the uncertainty on the calibration, estimated by the BIPM. The calibration type of the link is indicated as: GPS EC for GPS equipment calibration; TW EC for two-way equipment calibration; LC (technique) for a link calibrated using 'technique'; BC (technique) for a link calibrated using 'technique' to transfer a past equipment calibration through a discontinuity of link operation. The calibration dates indicate: the most recent calibration results for the two laboratories in the case of EC and the most recent calibration of the link in the case of LC and BC, NA stands for not available, in this case estimated values are provided Link Type uA/ns uB/ns Calibration Type Calibration Dates AOS /PTB GPS MC 1.5 5.0 GPS EC /GPS EC 2003 Sep/2003 Aug APL /USNO GPS MC 1.5 5.0 GPS EC /GPS EC 2003 Dec/2003 Dec AUS /NICT GPS MC 3.0 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2002 Sep/2003 Nov BEV /PTB GPS MC 1.5 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2001 Dec/2003 Aug BIRM/NICT GPS MC 2.5 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Nov CAO /PTB GPS MC 1.5 7.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2004 Nov/2003 Aug CH /PTB GPS P3 0.7 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2004 Nov/2004 Aug CNM /NIST GPS SC 5.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Dec CNMP/USNO GPS MC 4.0 7.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2002 Oct/2003 Dec CSIR/PTB GPS MC 3.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Aug DLR /PTB GPS P3 0.7 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2003 Apr/2004 Aug DTAG/PTB GPS SC 3.0 10.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 1998 May/2003 Aug HKO /NICT GPS MC 3.0 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2004 Apr/2003 Nov IFAG/PTB GPS P3 0.7 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2003 Jun/2004 Aug IGMA/USNO NA INPL/PTB GPS SC 4.0 10.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 1987 Jun/2003 Jun IT /PTB TWSTFT 0.5 1.5 BC (TWSTFT) 2005 May JATC/NTSC INT LK 0.2 20.0 NA NA JV /PTB GPS GT 5.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Aug KRIS/NICT GPS P3 0.7 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2005 Aug/2005 Jun Link Type uA/ns uB/ns Calibration Type Calibration Dates LDS /PTB GPS SC 3.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Aug LT /PTB GPS MC 1.5 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2001 Nov/2003 Aug MIKE/PTB GPS MC 5.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Aug MSL /NICT GPS P3 2.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2005 Jun NAO /NICT GPS SC 3.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Nov NICT/PTB GPS P3 1.5 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2005 Jun/2004 Aug NIM /NICT GPS MC 5.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Nov NIMB/PTB GPS MC 2.5 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Aug NIMT/NICT GPS P3 1.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2005 Jun NIS /PTB GPS MC 3.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Aug NIST/PTB TWSTFT 0.5 5.0 BC(GPS P3) 2005 May NMC /PTB GPS SC 5.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Aug NMIJ/NICT GPS P3 0.7 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2002 Apr/2005 Jun NMLS/NICT GPS MC 3.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Nov NPL /PTB TWSTFT 0.5 1.5 BC(GPS P3) 2005 May NPLI/PTB GPS MC 2.5 7.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2005 Jul/2003 Aug NRC /USNO GPS SC 3.0 15.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 1982 /2003 Dec NTSC/NICT GPS MC 2.5 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2002 Aug/2003 Oct OMH /PTB GPS SC 2.5 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Aug ONBA/USNO GPS MC 5.0 7.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2000 Oct/2003 Dec ONRJ/NIST GPS SC 5.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Dec OP /PTB TWSTFT 0.5 1.5 BC(GPS P3) 2005 May ORB /PTB GPS P3 0.7 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2003 Jul/2004 Aug PL /PTB GPS MC 1.5 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2001 Oct/2003 Aug ROA /PTB TWSTFT 0.7 5.0 BC(GPS P3) 2005 May SCL /NICT GPS SC 4.0 10.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 1993 May/2003 Nov SG /NICT GPS MC 3.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Nov SMU /PTB GPS SC 5.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Aug SP /PTB GPS P3 0.7 10.0 LC(GPS SC) 2004 Nov SU /PTB GPS SC 3.0 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2003 Apr/2003 Aug TCC /USNO GPS P3 2.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2002 Dec TL /NICT GPS P3 0.7 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2005 May/2005 Jun TP /PTB GPS SC 2.5 5.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2001 Oct/2003 Aug UME /PTB GPS SC 15.0 20.0 NA /GPS EC NA /2003 Aug USNO/PTB TWSTFT 0.5 1.1 BC(TW X-Band) 2005 May VSL /PTB TWSTFT 0.5 3.0 BC(GPS SC) 2005 May ZMDM/PTB GPS MC 2.5 7.0 GPS EC/GPS EC 2005 Mar/2003 Aug