ISSN 1143-1393 Circular T 174 (2002 July 17) Circulaire T 174 1 - Coordinated Universal Time UTC. Computed values of [UTC-UTC(k)]. (From 1999 January 1, 0h UTC, TAI-UTC = 32 s) Date 2002 0h UTC May 30 Jun 4 Jun 9 Jun 14 MJD 52424 52429 52434 52439 Laboratory k [UTC-UTC(k)]/ns AOS (Borowiec) -298 -301 -299 -293 AUS (Sydney) -124 -128 -120 -125 BEV (Wien) -75 -68 -61 -57 BIRM (Beijing) - - - - CAO (Cagliari) -3172 -3219 -3250 -3268 CH (Bern) -14 -13 -5 -4 CNM (Queretaro) 73 81 78 86 CRL (Tokyo) 29 31 34 29 CSIR (Pretoria) 1293 1243 - - DLR (Oberpfaffenhofen) - - - - DTAG (Darmstadt) 57 31 42 43 IEN (Torino) 40 39 53 63 IFAG (Wettzell) -1486 -1492 -1514 -1509 IGMA (Buenos Aires) -17 4 0 -6 INPL (Jerusalem) -4224 -4274 -4330 -4382 IPQ (Monte de Caparica) - - - - JATC (Lintong) -9877 -9932 -9977 -10027 KRIS (Taejon) 243 224 211 185 LDS (Leeds) 1697 1724 1739 1760 LT (Vilnius) (1) -274 -276 -272 -292 MSL (Lower Hutt) 98 145 199 229 NAO (Mizusawa) 111 - - - NIM (Beijing) -2606 -2609 -2618 -2619 NIMT (Bangkok) -1061 -1097 -1132 -1156 NIST (Boulder) 10 11 12 12 NMC (Sofiya) -1609 -1640 -1665 -1677 NMIJ (Tsukuba) -223 -238 -240 -250 NMLS (Shah Alam) 325 295 271 248 NPL (Teddington) 15 14 13 12 NPLI (New-Delhi) 945 988 1022 1072 NRC (Ottawa) 22 22 15 19 NTSC (Lintong) -1 -4 -2 10 OMH (Budapest) 6759 6781 6786 6818 ONBA (Buenos Aires) -343 - - - ONRJ (Rio de Janeiro) 4704 4719 4725 4736 OP (Paris) -3 10 11 20 ORB (Bruxelles) -68 -73 -82 -79 PL (Warszawa) (2) -78 9 13 19 PTB (Braunschweig) -26 -20 -17 -15 ROA (San Fernando) -29 -27 -28 -21 SCL (Hong Kong) 54 57 47 48 SG (Singapore) 29 24 14 19 SMU (Bratislava) -6204 -6236 -6276 -6303 SP (Boras) 713 700 679 655 SU (Moskva) 14 22 23 23 TL (Chung-Li) -52 -58 -67 -75 TP (Praha) -41 -34 -23 -16 UME (Gebze-Kocaeli) -678 -671 -662 -667 USNO (Washington DC)(USNO MC) -3 -3 -1 0 VSL (Delft) -15 -13 -9 -1 BIPM , T 174 (2) 1 - Coordinated Universal Time UTC. (Cont.) Date 2002 0h UTC Jun 19 Jun 24 Jun 29 MJD 52444 52449 52454 Laboratory k [UTC-UTC(k)]/ns AOS (Borowiec) -283 -275 -253 AUS (Sydney) -122 -128 -130 BEV (Wien) -46 -34 -21 BIRM (Beijing) 351 372 378 CAO (Cagliari) -3291 -3317 -3350 CH (Bern) 2 5 11 CNM (Queretaro) 94 102 101 CRL (Tokyo) 46 45 45 CSIR (Pretoria) - - - DLR (Oberpfaffenhofen) - - - DTAG (Darmstadt) 44 56 37 IEN (Torino) 53 63 65 IFAG (Wettzell) -1515 -1518 -1508 IGMA (Buenos Aires) -12 -11 -5 INPL (Jerusalem) -4432 -4486 -4541 IPQ (Monte de Caparica) - - - JATC (Lintong) -10069 -10105 -10158 KRIS (Taejon) 147 128 93 LDS (Leeds) 1784 1810 1832 LT (Vilnius) -279 -272 -263 MSL (Lower Hutt) 257 307 330 NAO (Mizusawa) - - - NIM (Beijing) -2619 -2616 -2619 NIMT (Bangkok) -1185 -1217 -1259 NIST (Boulder) 8 8 5 NMC (Sofiya) -1733 -1755 -1783 NMIJ (Tsukuba) -246 -256 -280 NMLS (Shah Alam) 231 211 172 NPL (Teddington) 8 5 3 NPLI (New-Delhi) 1130 1196 1256 NRC (Ottawa) 9 9 7 NTSC (Lintong) 9 1 -10 OMH (Budapest) 6841 6858 6895 ONBA (Buenos Aires) - - - ONRJ (Rio de Janeiro) 4748 4761 4784 OP (Paris) 24 22 26 ORB (Bruxelles) -82 -80 -79 PL (Warszawa) 13 11 6 PTB (Braunschweig) -13 -12 -1 ROA (San Fernando) -24 -22 -21 SCL (Hong Kong) 51 46 38 SG (Singapore) 23 26 18 SMU (Bratislava) -6327 -6355 -6390 SP (Boras) 640 626 615 SU (Moskva) 23 23 23 TL (Chung-Li) (3) -55 -60 -47 TP (Praha) -6 -8 1 UME (Gebze-Kocaeli) -660 -662 -665 USNO (Washington DC)(USNO MC) -3 -3 -2 VSL (Delft) -1 -6 -6 BIPM , T 174 (3) 2 - International Atomic Time TAI and local atomic time scales TA(k). The following table gives the computed values of [TAI-TA(k)]. Date 2002 0h UTC May 30 Jun 4 Jun 9 Jun 14 MJD 52424 52429 52434 52439 Laboratory k [TAI-TA(k)]/ns AUS (Sydney) -115259 -115343 -115436 -115476 CH (Bern) 19938 20120 20309 20488 CRL (Tokyo) 158695 158897 159098 159295 F (Paris) 167604 167638 167664 167694 IEN (Torino) 19101 19185 19277 19369 JATC (Lintong) -22753 -22860 -22967 -23061 KRIS (Taejon) 6034 6038 6049 6049 NIST (Boulder) -45235470 -45235670 -45235872 -45236074 NRC (Ottawa) 28220 28224 28222 28229 NTSC (Lintong) -157 -164 -163 -164 PL (Warszawa) -731 -745 -752 -767 PTB (Braunschweig) -359866 -359857 -359852 -359847 SU (Moskva) (4) 27241014 27241022 27241023 27241023 USNO (Washington DC) -34887295 -34887606 -34887915 -34888224 Date 2002 0h UTC Jun 19 Jun 24 Jun 29 MJD 52444 52449 52454 Laboratory k [TAI-TA(k)]/ns AUS (Sydney) -115574 -115667 -115766 CH (Bern) 20670 20849 21030 CRL (Tokyo) 159500 159702 159897 F (Paris) 167723 167750 167780 IEN (Torino) 19451 19550 19652 JATC (Lintong) -23160 -23268 -23378 KRIS (Taejon) 6047 6056 6059 NIST (Boulder) -45236278 -45236478 -45236681 NRC (Ottawa) 28224 28228 28230 NTSC (Lintong) -156 -153 -156 PL (Warszawa) -779 -785 -781 PTB (Braunschweig) -359842 -359839 -359825 SU (Moskva) (4) 27241023 27241023 27241023 USNO (Washington DC) -34888536 -34888846 -34889155 3 - Notes on sections 1 and 2. (1) LT . Apparent time step of -23 ns of [UTC-UTC(LT)] due to change of the GPS time receiver internal delay on MJD 52439.41 (Rapport BIPM-2002/10) (2) PL . Time step of -94 ns of UTC(PL) on MJD 52428.74 (3) TL . Change of master clock on MJD 52454.00 (4) SU . Listed values are TAI-TA(SU) - 2.80 seconds. BIPM , T 174 (4) 4 - Difference between the normalized frequencies of EAL and TAI. Interval of validity f(EAL)-f(TAI) 2002 May 30 - 2002 July 29 52424-52484 7.020x10**-13 New steering correction forseen for August 2002 2002 July 29 - 2002 August 28 52484-52514 7.010x10**-13 5 - Duration of the TAI scale interval. TAI is a realization of coordinate time TT. The following tables give the fractional deviation d of the scale interval of TAI from that of TT (the SI second on the geoid), i.e. the fractional frequency deviation of TAI with the opposite sign: d = -yTAI. In this section, a frequency over a time interval is defined as the ratio of the end-point phase difference to the duration of the interval. Whenever needed, the instability of EAL should be expressed as the quadratic sum of three components: a white frequency noise 6.0x10**-15 / sqrt(t), a flicker frequency noise 0.6x10**-15, a random walk frequency noise 1.6x10**-16 x sqrt(t), with t in days. The relation between EAL and TAI is given in Circular T and the Annual Report of the BIPM Time Section. In the first table, d is obtained, on the given periods of estimation by comparison of the TAI frequency with that of the given individual primary standards (PFS). In this table uB is the combined uncertainty from systematic effects, Ref(uB) is a reference giving information on the stated value of uB or is the Circular T where this reference was first given, uA is the uncertainty originating in the instability of the PFS, ulink/lab is the uncertainty in the link between the PFS and the clock participating to TAI, ulink/TAI is the uncertainty in the link to TAI, u is the quadratic sum of all four uncertainty values. Standard Period of d uB Ref(uB) uA ul/lab ul/TAI Notes u estimation (10-15)(10-15) (10-15)(10-15) (10-15) (10-15) PTB CS1 52424-52454 -1.7 8. T148 5. 0. 1. (1) 9. PTB CS2 52424-52454 1.4 12. T148 3. 0. 1. (1) 12. Note: (1) Continuously operating as a clock participating to TAI The second table gives the BIPM estimate of d, based on measurements of CRL-O1, LPTF-JPO, NIST-F1, PTB CS1, PTB CS2, PTB CS3, PTBCSF1 over the period MJD 52064-52454, taking into account their individual uncertainties and characterizing the instability of EAL as noted above. u is the computed standard uncertainty of d. Period of estimation d u 52424-52454 +7.5x10**-15 2.6x10**-15 BIPM , T 174 (5) 6 - [UTC-GPS time] and [TAI-GPS time]. [UTC-GPS time] = -13 s + C0, [TAI-GPS time] = 19 s + C0. Daily values of C0 are given in the following table. They are obtained as follows: the GPS data taken at the Paris Observatory, for highest elevation, are first corrected for precise satellite ephemerides and for measured ionospheric delays, and then smoothed to obtain daily values of [UTC(OP)-GPS time] at 0h UTC; daily values of C0 are derived from them using linear interpolation of [UTC-UTC(OP)]. The global uncertainty of daily C0 values is of order 10 ns. In the following table, the standard deviation s characterizes the dispersion of individual measurements, and N is the number of measurements used on a given day for estimation of the corresponding daily C0 value. Date 2002 MJD C0 s s/sqrt(N) 0h UTC (ns) (ns) (ns) May 30 52424 -7 5 1 May 31 52425 -2 4 1 Jun 1 52426 -3 - - Jun 2 52427 -3 4 1 Jun 3 52428 -3 5 1 Jun 4 52429 -1 5 1 Jun 5 52430 -1 4 1 Jun 6 52431 1 7 1 Jun 7 52432 4 5 1 Jun 8 52433 -2 5 1 Jun 9 52434 -1 4 1 Jun 10 52435 -3 3 1 Jun 11 52436 -3 4 1 Jun 12 52437 -3 4 1 Jun 13 52438 -1 6 1 Jun 14 52439 -1 5 1 Jun 15 52440 -2 4 1 Jun 16 52441 -2 5 1 Jun 17 52442 -6 5 1 Jun 18 52443 -9 6 1 Jun 19 52444 -4 - - Jun 20 52445 2 4 1 Jun 21 52446 -4 5 1 Jun 22 52447 -2 4 1 Jun 23 52448 1 4 1 Jun 24 52449 -1 5 1 Jun 25 52450 -7 5 1 Jun 26 52451 -10 5 1 Jun 27 52452 -12 7 1 Jun 28 52453 -11 5 1 Jun 29 52454 -14 5 1 BIPM , T 174 (6) 7 - [UTC-GLONASS time] and [TAI-GLONASS time]. [UTC-GLONASS time] = 0 s + C1, [TAI-GLONASS time] = +32 s + C1. Daily values of C1 are given in the following table. They are obtained as follows: the GLONASS data taken at the NMi Van Swinden Laboratorium, Delft, The Netherlands, for highest elevation, are smoothed to obtain daily values of [UTC(VSL)-GLONASS time] at 0h UTC; daily values of C1 are then derived from them using linear interpolation of [UTC-UTC(VSL)]. The global uncertainty of daily C1 values is of order several hundreds of nanoseconds. In the following table, the standard deviation s characterizes the dispersion of individual measurements, and N is the number of measurements used on a given day for estimation of the corresponding daily C1 value. Date 2002 MJD C1 s s/sqrt(N) 0h UTC (ns) (ns) (ns) May 30 52424 -356 - - May 31 52425 -381 17 6 Jun 1 52426 -388 16 6 Jun 2 52427 -360 20 9 Jun 3 52428 -352 14 3 Jun 4 52429 -376 19 5 Jun 5 52430 -368 19 4 Jun 6 52431 -374 32 8 Jun 7 52432 -402 10 3 Jun 8 52433 -396 18 4 Jun 9 52434 -384 12 4 Jun 10 52435 -370 28 11 Jun 11 52436 -366 14 4 Jun 12 52437 -366 26 7 Jun 13 52438 -367 21 5 Jun 14 52439 -380 16 5 Jun 15 52440 -389 16 5 Jun 16 52441 -389 18 5 Jun 17 52442 -388 14 5 Jun 18 52443 -373 11 5 Jun 19 52444 -377 8 2 Jun 20 52445 -401 18 5 Jun 21 52446 -399 19 4 Jun 22 52447 -379 25 6 Jun 23 52448 -397 17 6 Jun 24 52449 -417 17 5 Jun 25 52450 -411 8 3 Jun 26 52451 -393 10 3 Jun 27 52452 -390 13 3 Jun 28 52453 -415 22 6 Jun 29 52454 -392 27 5