ISSN 1143-1393 Circular T 173 (2002 June 12) Circulaire T 173 1 - Coordinated Universal Time UTC. Computed values of [UTC-UTC(k)]. (From 1999 January 1, 0h UTC, TAI-UTC = 32 s) Date 2002 0h UTC Apr 30 May 5 May 10 May 15 MJD 52394 52399 52404 52409 Laboratory k [UTC-UTC(k)]/ns AOS (Borowiec) -324 -320 -310 -309 AUS (Sydney) -67 -67 -75 -90 BEV (Wien) -112 -109 -100 -94 BIRM (Beijing) - - 231 228 CAO (Cagliari) (1) -2866 -3046 -3065 -3102 CH (Bern) -13 -21 -22 -20 CNM (Queretaro) 43 43 48 59 CRL (Tokyo) 34 28 10 14 CSIR (Pretoria) 1678 1625 1564 1497 DLR (Oberpfaffenhofen) - - - - DTAG (Darmstadt) 102 94 88 88 IEN (Torino) 14 19 28 36 IFAG (Wettzell) -1420 -1439 -1457 -1466 IGMA (Buenos Aires) -34 -36 -32 -29 INPL (Jerusalem) -3924 -3972 -4016 -4069 IPQ (Monte de Caparica) - - - - JATC (Lintong) -9590 -9629 -9689 -9744 KRIS (Taejon) 267 279 282 276 LDS (Leeds) 1553 1585 1616 1629 LT (Vilnius) -206 -203 -201 -217 MSL (Lower Hutt) -88 -68 -9 14 NAO (Mizusawa) 145 143 135 133 NIM (Beijing) -2598 -2600 -2589 -2612 NIMT (Bangkok) (2) -1047 -930 -958 -973 NIST (Boulder) 0 0 7 14 NMC (Sofiya) -1529 -1533 -1512 -1527 NMIJ (Tsukuba) -219 -204 -228 -218 NMLS (Shah Alam) 485 459 434 405 NPL (Teddington) 29 27 28 27 NPLI (New-Delhi) 637 695 763 816 NRC (Ottawa) 37 24 19 21 NTSC (Lintong) -18 -13 -29 -26 OMH (Budapest) 6683 6712 6715 6725 ONBA (Buenos Aires) -162 -140 -122 -89 ONRJ (Rio de Janeiro) 4621 4629 4649 4664 OP (Paris) (3) -35 -30 -24 -20 ORB (Bruxelles) -18 -18 -18 -24 PL (Warszawa) -57 -64 -65 -70 PTB (Braunschweig) -31 -36 -33 -30 ROA (San Fernando) -37 -35 -20 -24 SCL (Hong Kong) 38 36 40 43 SG (Singapore) 28 24 18 21 SMU (Bratislava) -6011 -6043 -6089 -6116 SP (Boras) 816 805 794 774 SU (Moskva) 8 8 17 13 TL (Chung-Li) -44 -41 -53 -51 TP (Praha) -42 -47 -42 -39 UME (Gebze-Kocaeli) -723 -716 -704 -693 USNO (Washington DC)(USNO MC) 2 -1 0 0 VSL (Delft) -55 -47 -34 -24 BIPM , T 173 (2) 1 - Coordinated Universal Time UTC. (Cont.) Date 2002 0h UTC May 20 May 25 May 30 MJD 52414 52419 52424 Laboratory k [UTC-UTC(k)]/ns AOS (Borowiec) -301 -302 -298 AUS (Sydney) -94 -110 -124 BEV (Wien) -92 -80 -75 BIRM (Beijing) 238 - - CAO (Cagliari) -3113 -3145 -3172 CH (Bern) -21 -22 -14 CNM (Queretaro) 61 62 73 CRL (Tokyo) 22 26 29 CSIR (Pretoria) 1420 1359 1293 DLR (Oberpfaffenhofen) - - - DTAG (Darmstadt) 92 70 57 IEN (Torino) 38 36 40 IFAG (Wettzell) -1476 -1494 -1486 IGMA (Buenos Aires) -17 -15 -17 INPL (Jerusalem) -4122 -4172 -4224 IPQ (Monte de Caparica) - - - JATC (Lintong) -9784 -9832 -9877 KRIS (Taejon) 267 257 243 LDS (Leeds) 1662 1680 1697 LT (Vilnius) -237 -259 -274 MSL (Lower Hutt) 23 63 98 NAO (Mizusawa) 126 124 111 NIM (Beijing) -2591 -2606 -2606 NIMT (Bangkok) -1027 -1052 -1061 NIST (Boulder) 14 12 10 NMC (Sofiya) -1521 -1572 -1609 NMIJ (Tsukuba) -223 -224 -223 NMLS (Shah Alam) 374 339 325 NPL (Teddington) 23 18 15 NPLI (New-Delhi) 866 923 945 NRC (Ottawa) 21 22 22 NTSC (Lintong) -21 -14 -1 OMH (Budapest) 6738 6756 6759 ONBA (Buenos Aires) -117 -254 -343 ONRJ (Rio de Janeiro) 4675 4690 4704 OP (Paris) -14 -9 -3 ORB (Bruxelles) (4) -29 -50 -68 PL (Warszawa) -77 -82 -78 PTB (Braunschweig) -30 -30 -26 ROA (San Fernando) -17 -19 -29 SCL (Hong Kong) 48 55 54 SG (Singapore) 13 22 29 SMU (Bratislava) -6140 -6178 -6204 SP (Boras) 745 729 713 SU (Moskva) 14 14 14 TL (Chung-Li) -54 -53 -52 TP (Praha) -39 -34 -41 UME (Gebze-Kocaeli) -694 -691 -678 USNO (Washington DC)(USNO MC) -1 -3 -3 VSL (Delft) -17 -17 -15 BIPM , T 173 (3) 2 - International Atomic Time TAI and local atomic time scales TA(k). The following table gives the computed values of [TAI-TA(k)]. Date 2002 0h UTC Apr 30 May 5 May 10 May 15 MJD 52394 52399 52404 52409 Laboratory k [TAI-TA(k)]/ns AUS (Sydney) -114702 -114817 -114900 -114999 CH (Bern) 18855 19028 19208 19390 CRL (Tokyo) 157503 157701 157899 158095 F (Paris) 167420 167450 167480 167510 IEN (Torino) 18554 18641 18737 18832 JATC (Lintong) -22133 -22225 -22347 -22452 KRIS (Taejon) 6075 6078 6074 6061 NIST (Boulder) -45234255 -45234462 -45234662 -45234863 NRC (Ottawa) 28210 28200 28199 28206 NTSC (Lintong) -166 -156 -168 -169 PL (Warszawa) -659 -676 -678 -688 PTB (Braunschweig) -359886 -359888 -359883 -359877 SU (Moskva) (5) 27241008 27241008 27241017 27241013 USNO (Washington DC) -34885436 -34885746 -34886055 -34886363 Date 2002 0h UTC May 20 May 25 May 30 MJD 52414 52419 52424 Laboratory k [TAI-TA(k)]/ns AUS (Sydney) -115091 -115181 -115259 CH (Bern) 19570 19750 19938 CRL (Tokyo) 158294 158499 158695 F (Paris) 167542 167574 167604 IEN (Torino) 18923 19012 19101 JATC (Lintong) -22556 -22656 -22753 KRIS (Taejon) 6053 6047 6034 NIST (Boulder) -45235066 -45235268 -45235470 NRC (Ottawa) 28211 28215 28220 NTSC (Lintong) -165 -164 -157 PL (Warszawa) -702 -723 -731 PTB (Braunschweig) -359875 -359872 -359866 SU (Moskva) (5) 27241014 27241014 27241014 USNO (Washington DC) -34886674 -34886985 -34887295 3 - Notes on sections 1 and 2. (1) CAO . Apparent time step of UTC-UTC(CAO) between MJD = 52394 and MJD = 52399 due to change of GPS antenna coordinates. (2) NIMT. Time step of UTC(NIMT) of -150 ns on MJD = 52395 due to change of calibration of GPS receiver at CRL. (3) OP . Change of master clock on MJD = 52396.58 (4) ORB . Time step of UTC(ORB) of 19 ns on MJD = 52417.3 (5) SU . Listed values are TAI-TA(SU) - 2.80 seconds. BIPM , T 173 (4) 4 - Difference between the normalized frequencies of EAL and TAI. Interval of validity f(EAL)-f(TAI) 2002 Mar. 31 - 2002 May 30 52364-52424 7.030x10**-13 New steering correction for June and July 2002 2002 May 30 - 2002 July 29 52424-52484 7.020x10**-13 5 - Duration of the TAI scale interval. TAI is a realization of coordinate time TT. The following tables give the fractional deviation d of the scale interval of TAI from that of TT (the SI second on the geoid), i.e. the fractional frequency deviation of TAI with the opposite sign: d = -yTAI. In this section, a frequency over a time interval is defined as the ratio of the end-point phase difference to the duration of the interval. Whenever needed, the instability of EAL should be expressed as the quadratic sum of three components: a white frequency noise 6.0x10**-15 / sqrt(t), a flicker frequency noise 0.6x10**-15, a random walk frequency noise 1.6x10**-16 x sqrt(t), with t in days. The relation between EAL and TAI is given in Circular T and the Annual Report of the BIPM Time Section. In the first table, d is obtained, on the given periods of estimation by comparison of the TAI frequency with that of the given individual primary standards (PFS). In this table uB is the combined uncertainty from systematic effects, Ref(uB) is a reference giving information on the stated value of uB or is the Circular T where this reference was first given, uA is the uncertainty originating in the instability of the PFS, ulink/lab is the uncertainty in the link between the PFS and the clock participating to TAI, ulink/TAI is the uncertainty in the link to TAI, u is the quadratic sum of all four uncertainty values. Standard Period of d uB Ref(uB) uA ul/lab ul/TAI Notes u estimation (10-15)(10-15) (10-15)(10-15) (10-15) (10-15) PTBCSF1 52384-52409 10.7 1.0 T162 1.0 0.0 1.2 (1) 1.9 PTB CS1 52394-52424 3.3 8. T148 5. 0. 1. (2) 9. PTB CS2 52394-52424 9.1 12. T148 3. 0. 1. (2) 12. Notes (1) Report 5 June 2002 by PTB. (2) Continuously operating as a clock participating to TAI. The second table gives the BIPM estimate of d, based on measurements of CRL-O1, LPTF-JPO, NIST-F1, PTB CS1, PTB CS2, PTBCSF1 over the period MJD 52034-52424, taking into account their individual uncertainties and characterizing the instability of EAL as noted above. u is the computed standard uncertainty of d. Period of estimation d u 52394-52424 +9.7x10**-15 1.9x10**-15 BIPM , T 173 (5) 6 - [UTC-GPS time] and [TAI-GPS time]. [UTC-GPS time] = -13 s + C0, [TAI-GPS time] = 19 s + C0. Daily values of C0 are given in the following table. They are obtained as follows: the GPS data taken at the Paris Observatory, for highest elevation, are first corrected for precise satellite ephemerides and for measured ionospheric delays, and then smoothed to obtain daily values of [UTC(OP)-GPS time] at 0h UTC; daily values of C0 are derived from them using linear interpolation of [UTC-UTC(OP)]. The global uncertainty of daily C0 values is of order 10 ns. In the following table, the standard deviation s characterizes the dispersion of individual measurements, and N is the number of measurements used on a given day for estimation of the corresponding daily C0 value. Date 2002 MJD C0 s s/sqrt(N) 0h UTC (ns) (ns) (ns) Apr 30 52394 -2 5 1 May 1 52395 -3 4 1 May 2 52396 -3 5 1 May 3 52397 -5 4 1 May 4 52398 -6 4 1 May 5 52399 -5 4 1 May 6 52400 -4 5 1 May 7 52401 -1 5 1 May 8 52402 4 6 1 May 9 52403 2 5 1 May 10 52404 4 6 1 May 11 52405 1 8 1 May 12 52406 1 5 1 May 13 52407 -4 6 1 May 14 52408 -6 6 1 May 15 52409 -6 4 1 May 16 52410 -4 5 1 May 17 52411 -6 4 1 May 18 52412 -1 4 1 May 19 52413 1 4 1 May 20 52414 2 6 1 May 21 52415 2 5 1 May 22 52416 3 6 1 May 23 52417 1 6 1 May 24 52418 1 5 1 May 25 52419 -4 5 1 May 26 52420 -3 4 1 May 27 52421 -5 5 1 May 28 52422 -3 6 1 May 29 52423 -6 5 1 May 30 52424 -7 5 1 BIPM , T 173 (6) 7 - [UTC-GLONASS time] and [TAI-GLONASS time]. [UTC-GLONASS time] = 0 s + C1, [TAI-GLONASS time] = +32 s + C1. Daily values of C1 are given in the following table. They are obtained as follows: the GLONASS data taken at the NMi Van Swinden Laboratorium, Delft, The Netherlands, for highest elevation, are smoothed to obtain daily values of [UTC(VSL)-GLONASS time] at 0h UTC; daily values of C1 are then derived from them using linear interpolation of [UTC-UTC(VSL)]. The global uncertainty of daily C1 values is of order several hundreds of nanoseconds. In the following table, the standard deviation s characterizes the dispersion of individual measurements, and N is the number of measurements used on a given day for estimation of the corresponding daily C1 value. Date 2002 MJD C1 s s/sqrt(N) 0h UTC (ns) (ns) (ns) Apr 30 52394 -362 18 8 May 1 52395 -403 13 7 May 2 52396 -373 11 3 May 3 52397 -355 9 3 May 4 52398 -346 18 6 May 5 52399 -334 22 8 May 6 52400 -368 - - May 7 52401 -379 7 3 May 8 52402 -386 22 9 May 9 52403 -391 10 5 May 10 52404 -361 2 1 May 11 52405 -325 23 8 May 12 52406 -327 21 5 May 13 52407 -360 14 5 May 14 52408 -380 - - May 15 52409 -388 9 3 May 16 52410 -382 5 2 May 17 52411 -376 - - May 18 52412 -382 16 5 May 19 52413 -368 18 5 May 20 52414 -361 15 3 May 21 52415 -366 14 5 May 22 52416 -372 - - May 23 52417 -398 13 5 May 24 52418 -412 4 2 May 25 52419 -391 16 7 May 26 52420 -386 16 5 May 27 52421 -393 16 4 May 28 52422 -379 19 5 May 29 52423 -364 21 9 May 30 52424 -356 - -